Causes And Effects Of Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay

Circumstances and end results Of Global Financial Crisis Economics Essay Money related emergency is characterized as a circumstance described by serious disturbances in the estimation of monetary foundations resources, their entrance to subsidizing or their customers trust, to the point of jeopardizing the budgetary frameworks maintainability (Argandona 2009). This paper will talk about the different likely reasons for Global monetary emergency and the preventive estimates that the UK government could take to keep away from or reduce the dangers of another emergency. Worldwide monetary emergency of 2008 came about because of some key and unwanted changes that occurred in the productive utilization of assets in America (Davis 2009, p. 1). As indicated by Davis (2009), a few changes that could be effectively seen were breakdown of data innovation and the regularly expanding globalization over the world. He has talked about in his article, the results of rise of Post Industrial Society in US which prompted an expansion in joblessness as the biggest bosses mo ved from assembling associations to support industry which later contributed as a reason for credit crunch. The paper will initially put the potential makes that drove the downturn in the money related situation of the different economies over the world lastly it will discuss the strategies that UK government can embrace to keep itself from the perils of next budgetary emergency. The paper reasons that while a few nations were generally influenced by the effect of emergency in 2008, there stay hardly any nations that figured out how to defeat the stun and endure in view of their approaches and the most ideal advances taken by them. The IMF remains tormented by philosophical questions about the scale and extent of its loaning and emergency related exercises. These questions divert the establishment from its job as a worldwide bank of last resort.(Truman 2006b, p. 532) Truman (2008) says that at the hour of unfurling of financial emergency, individuals from International Monetary Fund neglected to give any sort of help to the economies that necessary a momentary requirement for outer fluid assets. As indicated by him, one of the different potential causes was macroeconomic strategies of a few nations over the world that mutually holds the duty by and large for the emergency. He further remarked that simple money related strategies and monetary approaches of nations like US, Japan and others discounted the reserve funds pace of these nations and contorted the equalization of the budgetary framework and prompted a taking off of worldwide credit and raised the cost of houses. Collateralized obligation commitments ar e bonds eventually sponsored by groups of advances, for example, subprime mortgages.(Davis 2009, p. 103) Financial organizations had a decent measure of cash as outside trade saves so it began loaning cash to everybody at a low financing cost (Truman 2008, p. 23) and furthermore to the individuals who had no ability to return it back, that is, subprime contracts came into picture (Davis 2009). After a specific period, when the gracefully begun surpassing interest, lodging costs in US started to drop, contract holders found that the cost or estimation of their home was not as much as what they were inferable from the banks thus they began defaulting in high numbers and an ascent in abandonments was watched. Rise of post mechanical society, for example a move from assembling to support industry in US prompted enormous joblessness. With an end goal to improve profitability, organizations began eliminating work and at last modest number of talented works were left. So the opposition for gifted work expanded. With the emergence of characterized commitment benefits plan, the motivating force to adhere to a specific organization reached a conclusion. Furthermore, representatives began moving starting with one organization then onto the next. This new arrangement of annuity support prompted the development of common reserve industry (Davis 2009, p. 31) which brought about decrease in representative connection with the organization and expanded investment by money related foundations through shared assets. Securitization [altered the customary example of banking by] transforming resources into protections exchanged on business sectors (Davis 2009, p. 35). Along these lines of banking permits the bank to loan more measure of cash. One type of securitization was contract sponsored bonds (Davis 2009, p. 35). Deboer (2008, p. 5) says that any business bank must have roughly 10% of the aggregate sum of credit gave by it, in its capital resources. Numerous budgetary bodies g ave contract supported money related subordinates and in the end when the lodging costs began falling, the estimation of home loan sponsored protections declined too which thusly began making them bankrupt. Understanding this, banks began giving modest number and little amount of credits. This tied the credit circumstance firmly and along these lines lodging costs began narrowing further. In Eastern Europe, the significant explanation for the emergency was momentary borrowings (Aslund 2009) from numerous European banks in huge sums as a result of the security and wellbeing offered by such a large number of nations in Europe by setting a fixed swapping scale. This prompted swelling of costs since high measure of cash was streaming in. Likewise the nations like Ukraine began bringing in merchandise on high scale and therefore missed the mark regarding balance installment it owed to different nations. Absence of organization and guideline of the monetary segment is another reason disti nguished by Truman (2008, p.24). He says that the overleveraging of the budgetary framework occurred continuously in an exponential rising way more than quite a while, where poor management of the policymakers and the others answerable adulated the amazing development of the economy in its initial years when the indications of swelling were not important. After a timeframe, (Truman 2008, p. 24) when the budgetary establishments were left with no cash and had no ability to subsidize any further venture, the development mutilated and deleveraging started. He accepts that another conceivable explanation that may have had adjusted the market structure was the inadequately comprehended hazard related with the developments in the arrangement of new strategies in the budgetary establishments. Bergsten (2008) says that nations like UK ought to receive a monetary development program to dodge or outperform the impact of next conceivable money related emergency. Such program would include a push to build the residential interest and therefore causing a development of the exchange between nations. It likewise includes lessening the limitations of exchange on the fringe and inside the nation too. He says the best advance the pioneers of the G-20 could take is promise to embrace monetary upgrade programs adding up to at any rate 1 to 2 percent of the greater part of their national economies. Pioneers should attempt to think something innovative as opposed to accusing each other for the emergency. Bergsten (2008) proposes that UK alongside different nations must guarantee a help of in any event $500 billion each to improve the assets of IMF (International Monetary Fund) with the goal that it will aggregate great measure of riches and promise to help UK just as different nations a t the hour of emergency. He likewise proposes that a proficient working gathering should be framed inside the nations to break down and oversee budgetary guidelines intently. Budgetary dependability report from Bank of England (2009) states that banks ought to have adequate measure of fluid resources for decrease its reliance on momentary borrowings for financing non fluid resources. The Tripartite Committee containing the Bank of England, FSA (Financial Services Authority) and the treasury was considered liable for the emergency of 2008 by the staff of politics.co.uk (2009) in a report. They state that the Bank of England ought to be considered responsible for large scale financial management rather than FSA and that all the three should know their precise jobs and duties. The report likewise recommends steps like creating arrangements to stifle changes in monetary conditions, doling out British specialists to continually screen UK parts of global banks so that if any new strategy is framed by them which may influence the budgetary status of the nation in future can be stopped up at the perfect time, expanding the guidelines about the capital resources necessity for the bank so it appropriately surveys the advance borrower and award it to him just in the event that he can stand to repay it. Bergsten (2008) has advanced the possibility of a joint work or oversight of the FSA and the Bank. He feels that it would be compelling if FSA focuses on the conduction of the business and Bank centers around the fundamental issues. Amato (2009) communicates his perspectives saying that benefits whose worth couldn't be resolved were given triple-An evaluations by the rating offices and in this manner pulled in more financial specialists so UK government must guarantee that banks dont over depend on the FICO assessments (Bank of England 2009). Amato (2009) says protectionism ought to be expelled so all the organizations over the world can exchange effectively and openly in different nations with no obstructions. Recapitalization plot has been embraced by UK banks intentionally to raise cash-flow to furnish it with sufficient measure of protection against future dangers of emergency. (Bank of England, 2008) End Taking a gander at the different causes, we can infer that there were various explanations behind emergency in various pieces of the world. In the event that a nation structures solid strategies and takes choices that would be advantageous over the long haul, at that point it may have the option to shield itself from the unfriendly results of money related precariousness. Amato (2009) says that a nation needs to frame strategies remembering the advantage of its local market as well as of the entire world. All the nations ought to participate at the universal level and bolster IMF definitely. Nations like China, Malaysia and some Islamic nations were least influenced by emergency due to their solid strategies, great management and guidelines, capacity to foresee or distinguish money related variance

Business Ownership Essay Example

Business Ownership Essay At the point when a business is being set up, the proprietor(s) will choose what sort of business possession to follow. Business possession will modify for extension, risk and lawful purposes. In this task, I will address every classification of business possession, giving focal points and weaknesses notwithstanding business models. There are six unique types of business possession, these are: 3. Private Limited Company (Ltd) 4. Open Limited Company (Plc.) We will compose a custom exposition test on Business Ownership explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Business Ownership explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Business Ownership explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer 5. Establishment 6. Co-employable Sole Trader A Sole Trader is any business possessed and constrained by one single owner. In spite of the fact that the business may just have one proprietor, the sole owner may utilize optional laborers. Sole merchants don't have a different lawful presence from their proprietor. Therefore, the proprietor is by and by obligated for the business’s obligation which may must be paid out of the owners’ individual capital-this is called Unlimited Liability. The primary thing expected to begin a sole ownership is to report your exchanging name. As straightforward as this sounds, one must be wary about picking a name as an inappropriate name can get you into challenges. In the event that you are going to work under an elective name to your own original name you should show the name of the proprietor and a location where reports and records can be served and at your premises. Plan letterheads, business cards and signage as needs be. The enrolling of a business name must be done through the National Business Register. Certain words and articulations, for example, universal, organization and enrolled are confined under the Business Names Act 1985 and the Company and Business Names Regulations 1995. Organizations House and the National Business Register have arrangements of these words and subtleties of how to get endorsement to utilize them. Your business name isn't permitted to be the equivalent or excessively like that of another business. On the off chance that this name conflicts the matter of another proprietor, you could confront legitimate activity from the proprietor of the different business. Check telephone directories, exchange diaries and magazines to guarantee against any conflicts. Additionally check records of the National Business Register. In the event that you yourself can't be certain that you have checked all names like your own, contact a specialist. A specialist will make every single essential check and furthermore ensure that no business later on won't struggle your business by exchanging under a name that is the equivalent or excessively comparable. Points of interest- There are barely any legitimate conventions in setting up a sole-exchanging business (the just one being to illuminate HM Revenue and Customs), which makes beginning one straightforward and speedy for anyone. Another preferred position is that enrollment charges are pointless and the dealer has full control of the running of the business. Additionally, keeping records and records is basic. Sole Traders can set their own work hours-this permits them to shuffle childcare or different vocations. Sole Traders additionally can settle on snappy choices as they have no one to consult with. Disservices Sole Traders have boundless risk. This implies if the business gets into a great deal of obligation, the trader’s resources (for example home, vehicle and so forth.) might be taken from them so as to make up the bank’s capital. Banks are hesitant to loan to sole merchants, as an outcome there will be an absence of subsidizing. The sole dealer additionally has full obligation regarding the business, which may bring about pressure. Another drawback is that they should create their own record for Inland Revenue. For what reason Would a Sole Trader Change to a Partnership? There are different reasons with respect to why a sole dealer would change to an association. In the event that a Sole Trader got effective, development could be simpler whenever gotten together with another person. The outstanding burden is shared between the accomplices, yet so is the benefit capital. In the event that one accomplice needs to venture into another field, it would be exceptionally useful to utilize a band together with ability in that specific field. Business Examples Duke’s (an effective inside work of art and designing sole dealer) would think that its favorable to venture into an organization on the off chance that he chooses to spread his business into outside beautifying, utilizing a band together with expertise around there. This would assist the business with expanding and remaining task at hand would be shared. The way that this outside decorator has experience somewhere else implies that this business can without much of a stretch spread into new fields. Another business case of a Sole Trader venturing into turning into an association is a fruitful handyman by the name of Webber. In spite of the fact that he is profiting by significant pay and picking his own working hours, his outstanding burden is getting a lot for him to deal with. It is consequently why he would need to share his remaining task at hand by getting an accomplice to both offer the outstanding burden in this manner diminishing pressure and to put capital into the business-permitting it to grow. Organizations An organization is fundamentally the same as a sole broker in that they have boundless obligation and are easy to set up. The main noteworthy distinction is that an organization may have 2 to 20 accomplices. An agreement called a deed of association is generally composed. This expresses the sort of organization, how much capital each gathering has subsidized, and how benefits and misfortunes will be shared. A ‘Sleeping Partner’ can likewise be associated with organizations these are accomplices that put resources into the business however don't manage the general running of the business. Focal points- There are barely any legitimate conventions in setting up an organization business, which makes beginning one basic and speedy for anyone. The outstanding task at hand is shared between the accomplices and if the accomplices go to an understanding or are companions, they will in general be adaptable with each other which makes the activity less unpleasant. Because of the business having a greater number of laborers than a sole broker, it has a superior possibility at producing different wellsprings of account, for example, that from credits and so on. Another bit of leeway is that, during times of nonappearance, for example, days off and occasions, the accomplices can cover each other essentially. Drawbacks Boundless obligation is a huge ruin in organizations, which implies that they are totally at risk for the entire business on the off chance that it owes cash to banks and so forth and in spite of the fact that banks will be more ready to loan to associations than sole merchants, they are as yet not anxious to do as such. Benefit capital is additionally shared between the association, implying that the more accomplices included, the less compensation they will acquire. Another burden is that any game plans or choices dependent on the business are lawfully authoritative to all accomplices. At last, an organization is ended on the off chance that one single accomplice bites the dust which implies that another association must be made after that one partners’ passing. For what reason would an association change proprietorship to a restricted organization? There are numerous beneficial reasons concerning why an organization would change proprietorship to a constrained organization. Right off the bat, they would have the option to raise additional capital through selling portions of their organization. Also, they have the additional preferred position of restricting their liabilities. Constrained obligation is a significant lawful security for investors as they just hazard losing the measure of cash that they have put resources into the business and not their very own advantages. When the business has changed proprietorship, this implies if the business comes up short, the investors just lose the cash put resources into the business; their very own benefits, for example, their house, are not in danger. This makes individuals all the more ready to put their cash in the business as the hazard is diminished yet shares can't be sold on the Stock Exchange. Another excellent bit of leeway is that the demise or renunciation of any chief doesn't influence the structure of the organization. This is a solid bit of leeway in light of the fact that the organization keeps on exchanging as in the past. Business Examples Envisioned left is a deed of organization. A deed of association is a legitimately authoritative understanding between the accomplices who are ready to go together. It depicts how the organization will be run, the privileges of the accomplices and the level of benefits every part will procure. Albeit at last an understanding between the accomplices, a specialist is generally recruited to review the last deed so any escape clauses are secured. A case of an association is Axholme domain specialist organization Grice and Hunter. In spite of the fact that Grice and Hunter will profit by having up to twenty accomplices permitted in this sort of possession to contribute capital and offer the remaining burden, the business would profit by speculators to extend. For instance, they might need to open a third, non-nearby, office in Doncaster. By selling private offers, they can raise the money to grow the business and furthermore decrease the hazard for investors with the advantage of Limited Liability. Another case of an organization is the Yorkshire Dental specialist Partnership-Holloway and Jones. This association is getting effective and has chosen to change possession to a Private Limited Company to raise enough capital from private speculators to move the business to an all the more top of the line business with its premises on Harley Street, London. Numerous other nearby organizations exist as they will in general be little scope organizations because of their boundless risk. More instances of these incorporate Lake and Marr (a neighborhood fish and chip shop) and Harvey and Scholl (a nearby paper shop) Constrained Companies The meaning of a Limited Company in general is that the responsibility for big business is partitioned into two halves called shares-the proprietor of any number of offers is known as an investor. The investors all have Limited Liability which implies that the firm

Tansgendered Essays

Tansgendered Essays Tansgendered Essay Tansgendered Essay Transgender Name: Course: Foundation: Teacher: Date: Transgender Section one Transgendered individuals are those with various sexual orientation practices from the ones identified with their doled out sex. For instance, an individual destined to be a male may create ladylike body parts. At the point when individuals are transgendered, they don't have a particular sex direction. This is on the grounds that they have blended attributes of both genders. This term was presented in 1970’s. It was utilized to allude to individuals who needed to change their sex direction. Afterward, it was made a general term to incorporate all individuals with various sexual orientation practices. They incorporate hetero, gay, androgynous and other sexual orientation recognizable proof. Accordingly, the clarification of this word is seen to be motion however needs to incorporate two head definitions. The first is it alludes to individuals who feel their sexual orientation doesn't bring their actual nature. The second is an individual birth sex doesn't relate with the basic male or female capacities. A transgender may have characteristics identified with a specific sexual orientation or adjust those that are outside the sex continuum (Lombardi et al, 2001). Transgender ID comprises of numerous classes, which some of them cover. They are transvestite, androgynes, cross-dresser sexual orientation strange. As a rule, individuals who are cross-gendered are for the most part transsexual. There is a gathering called transvestic fetishist is more viewed as even more a mental issue than a transgender personality. It has been seen that it is mind boggling to comprehend the sorts of transgender. This is on the grounds that a portion of the attributes of these classifications are cover. When discussing a transgender, it is well mannered to allude to them with a best name or pronouns regardless of their legitimate sex distinguishing proof (Clements Katz, 2006). There are a few impacts related with being transgendered. The primary impact is injury in the wake of acknowledging one is transgendered. Nobody would need to have sexual orientation variations from the norm. This is the reason the vast majority become damaged on the grounds that they wouldn't dare hoping anymore. This is trailed by feelings like displeasure nervousness, trouble, and abstinence among others. Others will feel miserable and despicable about themselves. This prompts withdrawal and separation from the general public. These passionate impacts could get extreme if not treated. In serious cases, a few people will endure gloom, which could result to self destruction. Forty one percent of transgendered individuals in the United States are accounted for to have endeavored self destruction. In Seattle, 20% or progressively endeavored self destruction were recorded. The examination likewise presumed that there is probably going to be an expanded pace of these cases (Dean et al, 2010). In some network setting transgendered, individuals are segregated. They are believed to be anomalous with unsatisfactory character. This masculine influences the gay network. Every one of these impacts are antagonistic and influenced individuals should look for clinical assistance right away. The primary phase of treatment ought to be mental. On the off chance that one is in a situation to complete physical treatment, they ought to feel free to do as such (American Public wellbeing, 2006). Individuals or are transgendered face numerous difficulties with respect to their conditions. The vast majority of them need to manage inward clashes about their definite personality. These are directed to mental disquiet since some have thought that it was difficult to acknowledge themselves. Psychological well-being specialists encourage such individuals to look for clinical assistance. The most suggested treatment for this issue is going to treatment. These treatments incorporate conversing with an authority or will advise people and help them to find support. The patients are permitted to speak straightforwardly about what they feel and think in reference to their circumstance. In extreme circumstances, transgender individuals can be analyzed for sexual orientation dysphoria. This is a condition portrayed with trouble, and an individual can't relate with others or work ordinarily. Ordinarily, the casualty endures despondency, and this is the reason the person gets pulled back (Ch ochran et al, 2002). Propelled clinical examinations have discovered answers for people who are transgendered. It is conceivable to address some transgender conditions through clinical medical procedure. For instance, hormones can be utilized to change the natural advancement of an individual. It is feasible for a lady to create bosoms on the off chance that she never had. Men with ladylike parts can have evacuated and supplanted with the suitable ones. Physical treatment is most best since it will aid mental recuperation of those in strife. At the point when a lady is worked and can have an ordinary organic and physical turn of events, she will find a sense of contentment with herself (American general Health Association, 2001). Section 2 The basis of doing this task depends on a few things. This subject is disputable among numerous individuals. The greater part of them don't comprehend it well thus; they wind up misconception ideas of this point. This is the reason this task has been done to reveal insight into a portion of the misjudged realities. These gatherings of individuals may not get enough assistance from their surroundings. This could be because of separation or obliviousness of the general public. This undertaking will assist such individuals with knowing what to do in regards to their conditions, for instance, looking for clinical help (Hughes Eliason, 2010). This undertaking is likewise valuable to the individuals who are not transgendered. Through the exercises, they will comprehend about this condition and change their discernment towards influenced individuals. This will apply to the individuals who have faith in segregating transgendered individuals. The venture will cause the members to comprehend t hat transgender is for the most part brought about by factors outside human ability to control. For instance, DNA is one factor that impacts this condition. Individuals are brought into the world transgendered and nobody ought to be decided for it. Understanding this reality may help individuals to quit separating transgendered individuals. Section 3 Framework Point The subject of transgender will talk about a few zones. For instance, its reality in the general public, consequences for the individuals, how to manage it and different issues. Conversation of this theme will furnish the students with significant information about this point. It will help the individuals who are influenced by this condition. Finding out about transgender will change people’s recognition about this issue (Nemoto et al, 2004). Title of the educational program The educational plan comprises of a few projects that will be done in this task. They incorporate exercises, which will help in finding out about the point. The exercises will be as per the following: Discussion gatherings, addresses talks, a meeting for enquiries, and the crowd will get an opportunity to talk. The conversation gatherings will assist the crowd with interacting with one another just as offer their encounters. It will likewise be a method for surveying how well the point has been comprehended. A calendar of these exercises will be readied. The timetable will be as per the following: Talk talks Discussion bunches Enquiries meetings Opinions and editorials from the crowd The intended interest group for this task is for the most part youngsters from the ages of eleven years to thirty years. Individuals in this age section are in the creating stages. Transgender signs are very much distinguished in the stages. As youngsters create, they face numerous difficulties. It is much increasingly hard for the individuals who are transgender on the grounds that they are viewed as irregular. They will figure out how to live with their overarching states. For the individuals who are not transgendered, they will be prompted on the most proficient method to live amicably with the transgendered. In this manner, this workshop will be amazingly useful to these individuals (Stryker, 1998). Teachers of this subject will be specialists from different vocations. They incorporate therapists and sociologists. Therapists are experts in the investigation of human conduct and other psyche illnesses. They have been decided to be teachers in this task since they have the necessary data. Sociologists are specialists in human turn of events. They comprehend about transgender issues, and they will be acceptable facilitators of this point (Boehmer, 2002). Objectives How transgendered and not transgendered individuals ought to relate. The most effective method to address transgender conditions. Issues looked by transsexual individuals Effects of transgender How to distinguish transgender conditions. Targets The members ought to be permitted to give instances of good relations among transgendered and the individuals who are most certainly not. In their conversation gatherings, they ought to examine how to tackle issues looked by transgendered individuals. In the wake of learning methods for revising transgender conditions, members may give extra arrangements. Nobody decides to be a transgender subsequently; these gatherings of individuals ought to be acknowledged by the general public and aided each conceivable way. More research and studies ought to be done about this theme. It will help individuals to get it and find far and away superior answers for controling it. The transgendered individuals should shape affiliation where they meet and get familiar with their conditions. These affiliations will likewise assist them with offering each other good and enthusiastic help. For them to conquer separation in the network, they are encouraged to be certain and idealistic about a superior life. Transgendered individuals are as equivalent as the rest subsequently they ought to be dealt with similarly (American general wellbeing Association, 2006). References: American general wellbeing Association. Improving transgender social insurance. American Journal of Public Health: June 2001, Vol. 91, No. 6, pp. 869-872. American general wellbeing Association. HIV pervasiveness, chance practices, human services use, and emotional well-being status of transgender people: suggestions for general wellbeing mediation. American Journal of Public Health. Vol 91 (6), 2006 Boehmer, U. Twenty Years of Public Health Research: Inclusion

California Cigarette Tax Price & Externalitie Relationship - 275 Words

California's Cigarette Tax: The Relationship between Price and Externalities (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course: Date: Californias Cigarette Tax The proposal to impose additional sin tax in California elicits varied reactions from health groups, the tobacco industry, and the state government. Actually, health groups support the additional tax on cigarettes, which is an indication of an endeavor to discourage smoking and sponsor health research and prevention programs. Equally, the state government supports the tax due to the fact that it provides an additional and sustainable revenue stream. Conversely, the tobacco manufacturers oppose the move due to the very simple reason that it directly affects sales and profits. Above all, the plan will cause direct and positive impact on productivity across the state. Using Incidence of tax to Address Negative ExternalitiesPrecisely, price elasticity can be thought of be the responsiveness of quantity of a good demanded due to a given change in price. Obviously, price change affects the quantity demanded of a product; co nsequently, it is imperative to understand the price elasticity of demand of cigarettes to decipher impact of a decision to enforce additional taxes. Price elasticity relates to the incidence of tax and makes it possible to use tax to address negative externalities related to tobacco products. The following diagram illustrates the relationship between price elasticity and use of tax to correct negative externalities.The Relationship between Price and Externalities  D1 S2 - SMCP2 f S1 - PMCP1 e D1 PMB-SMB q2 q1 From the diagram, S1 represents the original supply curve and private marginal cost (PMC). Private marginal cost refers to the extra cost that a smoker incurs from purchasing an extra pack of cigarette. At point e, the smokers private marginal costs as well as private marginal benefits (PMBs) are at equili brium. Here, a smoker derives maximum utility from the cigarettes. However, he or she does not cater for tobacco-related costs, such premature deaths and health fees from tobacco-related diseases. Therefore, the incidence of tax shifts prices to P2 that corresponds to the social marginal cost. At point f, the smoker is in a position to cater for the extra costs through taxation. Clearly, the additional tax on cigarettes has short-term and long-term implications. The immediate impact of the tax is an increase in the price of cigarettes. Of course, this reduces the purchasing power of smokers, which forces them to reduce their demand for cigarettes. On the contrary, one of the possible long-term implications of the additional taxes in California is increased life expectancy rates. For example, the state recorded an estimated 35,000 smoking-related deaths. In this context, supporters of the additional tax on cigarettes argue that a price increase from the taxes would save up to 100,00 0 lives annually. In addition, the state would save an average of 18.1 billion dollars, which is spent on direct and indirect costs of pre-mature deaths among smokers. In fact, pre-mature deaths rob the state its most productive segment of the population: young adults. Without a doubt, this group contributes to a relatively significant share of economic development at the statewide and nationwide levels. While the proponents of the proposed amendment base their argument on the costs of t...

Women s Rights And Representation Of Society, Media, And...

â€Å"23 The man said, This is now bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called woman, for she was taken out of man. 24 For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and they will become one flesh.†- Genesis 2:23-24 Women and men were created equally. The belief that women were the weaker sex has spread around the globe since the early days. From that condescending thinking, the stereotype that women are ‘inferior’ to men has developed; however in progressive thinking, women were created equally. As stated in the American Constitution, ‘All men are created equal’ therefore women should have equal rights and representation in society, media, and the workforce. The role of women has changed over time, but expectations have had a negative increase. Women have been hoisted up the ranks in society yet there are still numerous obstacles and barriers to overcome. Despite all this, women deserve to have the same opportunities as men. In the past, women were only represented as a whimsical damsel in distress. This controversial stereotype g ave some women inspiration to take a stand and demand their rights. Women have always been strong, both physically and mentally, however they have not been credited appropriately. Unbeknownst to many, women have been the masterminds of many great events in history, as well as many auspicious creations and inventions. Unfortunately, a number of these successful creations were not credited toShow MoreRelatedAdvancements in Womens Rights Over the Past 100 Years Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesMost cultures and societies through both history, and today have viewed women as the weaker sex†. Often they labeled unfit to perform many jobs outside of child bearing and domestic chores, even considered less intelligent than men are. In the past, this attitude translated into fewer jobs for women, below average pay, and poor working conditions. 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Ethics Game Reflective Journal - 1042 Words

Ethics Game Reflective Journal HCS/478 Health Law and Ethics April 16, 2012 Judy Ceppaglia Ethics Game Reflective Journal Ethical dilemmas surface daily in professional nursing practice. Whether you work in acute care, long-term care, hospice care, ambulatory care, managed care, or public health care chances are you will be responsible for making decisions in a situation of ethical concern. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the ethical issues presented in the Ethics Game simulation, the decision-making process used to determine the solution to the dilemma, and apply concepts from the Ethical Lenses to my work place. Ethical Dilemmas Presented The first case presented in the Ethics Game simulation involves a pregnant†¦show more content†¦The Results lens considers an act ethical if it creates the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Looking through these lenses I determined the best option for the scenario, ensuring the a safe delivery for the mother and baby. 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Greek tragedy Essay Example For Students

Greek tragedy Essay He does not like the idea of Catherine turning into a young woman and moving on with her life so he makes her feel like she is doing wrong, and treats her like a child. Eddie only does this in his flat where he has power over Catherine.  The street symbolises Eddies loss of power that is why he can be confronted on the street more than in his flat. The street also symbolises American culture and Sicilian justice mixed together. In the street he is not the important man he wants to be, he does not have control over Catherine. Things that dared not be to mention in the flat as it represents Eddies point of view can be said in the street. The street is were Eddies power lacks you can see this by the questions he gets asked and the way hes spoken to on the street.  I dont believe it and I wish to hell youd stop it.  In the flat Eddie has power his will is supreme and in the street Beatrice and Catherine question his power.  When can I be a wife again, Eddie? The street exposes Eddies impotence; literally, in his sex life with Beatrice and metaphorically, Eddie cannot hold back the forces of change. His old fashioned beliefs cannot stop what is accepted in Modern American society, law, and justice. The street is where the fight that results in Eddies death takes place. Eddies death does not happen in his flat which is his area of power it happens in the street where it is visible to everybody. I get the impression that Miller does this because he wants to show us his lost power and the street symbolises his lack of power. Miller gives the impression that Alfieris Office represents American judicial law not family honour, revenge, or vendettas as in Sicily. In his office, Alfieri has power, not in his own right, but as the mouthpiece of the law. He links himself to other lawyers in the past.  Another lawyer, quite differently dressed, heard the same complaint and sat there as powerless as I, and watched it run its bloody course.  In his conversations with Eddie, the two concepts of law and justice clash. Alferi cannot do anything to help Eddie, as there is no law against Catherine choosing to be with Rodolpho but he still fights for what he believes. Eddie has no power in Alferis office so he hence his anger. I know whats in his mind, Mr Alferi!  Through Alferi is playing the chorus; Miller makes it clear to the audience what is going on. The office scenes provide a pause in the action for the audience to think about what is going on. In addition, through Alfieri we are made to think more sympathetically towards Eddie as Eddie is loosing control, I think miller does this so the audients gets emotionally involved in the play, which captures the audients attention. Miller gives me the impression that the telephone booth is symbolic of betrayal and modern society. Miller uses the telephone booth as a theatrical device to make the audience think. It is were Eddies own impersonal betrayal takes place, as it was where Eddie phones the immigration bureau to hand in Marco and Rodolpho. American technology allows the betrayal to be impersonal. There is also a telephone booth. This is not used until the last scenes, but is visible throughout the play  Eddie says he lives in the neighbourhood and does not give a name.  Im just around the neighbourhood, thats all.  The action of betrayal is the worst thing you can do, according to Sicilian culture and beliefs.  Brooklyn Bridge is the divide between Brooklyn and Manhattan. Manhattan is where Eddie has no control over Catherine he fears of losing her. Manhattan is representative of American Dream. Rodolpho wants to go to Manhattan with Catherine but Eddie does not want Catherine to go there. .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d , .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .postImageUrl , .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d , .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d:hover , .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d:visited , .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d:active { border:0!important; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d:active , .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7907ac663edf7afde0f892cd17a8842d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: In the romantic tragedy `Romeo and Juliet` EssayI would like to walk with her once where the theatres are and the opera. Since I was a boy I see pictures of those lights.  In Brooklyn, Eddie has a reputation for being honourable to start with but it changes towards the end of the play. Catherine wants to escape from Brooklyn, even though her new job is in Brooklyn but she feels imprisoned by Eddie. This is ironic as Eddie wants the best for Catherine but does not want her going to Manhattan.  Rodolpho and Marco illegally come from Sicily. Sicily is a place of poverty, it is Roman Catholic, and things are different for it is old-fashioned morals. Its more strict in our town.  Marco and Rodolpho make it sound idyllic compared to Manhatten, Manhatten is everyones dream. Yet, Rodolpho would not take Catherine there.  I will not marry you to live in Italy.  At the end, Eddie loses all his power this is shown by Eddie dieing in the street. The street is where Eddie lacked power the most anyway so there is no surprise there. We feel sympathetic towards Eddie at the end as he died as a result of him standing up for his justice.  Over all Millers use of places is much defined and basically involves around Eddie. There is a place where is power is strong bur this soon changes and a place where is power is weak i.e. Office and the street, and the telephone booth where he betrays his beliefs. Its the Greek tragedy repeating itself but with one family.